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DYS385(K)
[DYS385(K)]

DYS385(K)
This is the Y-STR marker DYS385 sorted by its alleles (usually two).

The method of separating the alleles was published by Ralf Kittler et al. in 2003 [1].

With a special PCR amplifikation method it is possible to type the DYS385 alleles separately. This may be helpful for explaining irregular constellations on the P4 palindrome or to distinguish identical looking haplotypes that are really distantly related. Especially R1a and R1b can be distinguished because their A/B alleles are usually switched:

R1a: DYS385 modal = 11-14, DYS385a(K) = 11, DYS385b(K) = 14
R1b: DYS385 modal = 11-14, DYS385a(K) = 14, DYS385b(K) = 11


The following electropherograms show a rare, duplicated DYS385 11-11-12.1-13 haplotype in Kittler typing:
DYS385a(K) = 12.1-13
DYS385b(K) = 11-11

DYS385 Kittler electropherogram
This result makes it clear that the tested person is R1b and that the duplication happened in a symmetrical fashion (likely 11-11-13-13) first. In a second step, one of the 13 alleles has lost 3 individual bases. The DYS385 repeat section consists of several irregular repeat motifs, so one of those repeats may have been affected. It is possible that the 2 steps may have happened in one single "catastrophic" recombination event. The observation of such rare constellations may give us hints to understand the molecular processes better, as they happen in real living individuals.

[1] Ralf Kittler, Axel Erler, Silke Brauer, Mark Stoneking and Manfred Kayser, Apparent intrachromosomal exchange on the human Y chromosome explained by population history (April 2003) European Journal of Human Genetics 11(4):304-14, DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200960

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